Perhaps rain disrupted the water stratification or caused one or more landslides to fall into the lake. The Oku volcanic field is noted for two crater lakes, Lake Nyos to the N and Lake Monoun to the S, that have produced catastrophic carbon-dioxide gas release events. Leaving their homes to check on the source of the noise, they saw a tall fountain of water spouting out of Lake Nyos. I graduated in 2007 with a project studying how permafrost, that´s frozen soil, is reacting to the moreI'm a freelance geologist working mostly in the Eastern Alps. Today, the only active volcano of the CVL is Mount Cameroon. CO 2 was bubbling into the lake from below. "Killer lakes" like Nyos are very rare. It is possible that during the breakup of Africa from South America some 150 million years ago, a third rift started to develop, but failed to become an oceanic basin like the Atlantic Ocean.

The eruption triggered the sudden release of about 100,000–300,000 A degassing system has since been installed at the lake, with the aim of reducing the concentration of It is believed that about 1.2 cubic kilometres (0.29 cu mi) of gas was released.Scientists concluded from evidence that a 100 m (330 ft) column of water and foam formed at the surface of the lake, spawning a wave of at least 25 metres (82 ft) that swept the shore on one side.Since carbon dioxide is 1.5 times the density of air, the cloud hugged the ground and moved down the valleys, where there were various villages. Carbon dioxide usually kills people by displacing the air that they need to breathe, but in high-enough concentrations it is poisonous as well.So you see that although volcanologists might disagree on the tectonic details underlying Cameroon and might even disagree on the triggering mechanism for the 1986 disaster, but the danger is pretty well understood. The stratification (layering) is caused by different amounts of CO2 dissolved in the water. A rumbling noise reportedly was heard from the vicinity of Lake Nyos just before the catastrophe. I was surprised to see that my trousers were red, had some stains like honey. Water from rainfall would displace an equal volume of water from the bottom of the lake. There are a few volcanologists who think there was some type of eruption in the deeper part of the lake, but they are in the minority.Once all this carbon dioxide reached the surface, it splashed some lake water out of the lake, like a big bubble bursting. Following faults, the gases flow into the crater lakes or maar lakes, as collapsed volcanic craters filled by water are called by geologists.Simplified geological map of the Cameroon Volcanic Line.Lake Nyos, like other thirty lakes of volcanic origin found in the region, is very deep (more than 650 feet) and surrounded by rocky cliffs. What people don’t agree on is what the trigger for this unbalancing event was. Carbon Dioxide gas. Or it could have been something else. However, there is still a large magma chamber found at a depth of 50 miles under the CVL.

The cloud, with a density higher than the surrounding air, traveled as far as 15 miles from the lake into the surrounding valleys. Lake Nyos is located along the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), a 950-mile long chain of volcanoes and volcanic crater lakes extending from the Gulf of Guinea into Cameroon and Nigeria. Carbon dioxide is denser than air, so it hugged the ground and flowed down the stream valley that leads away from the lake. The alternative mechanism, that the burst was caused by a Dr. Niels Oskarsson proposed reducing the amount of CO2 in the lake by continuously draining the bottom waters from the lake. Although no longer erupting, there is still gas being released by the old plumbing system under the lake.

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