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View attachment 266618 The figure shows two mercury barometers. There are two main types of barometers: mercury and aneroid.

It is equivalent to the pressure exerted by a vertical column of mercury (as in a barometer) 760 mm high or 101,325 Pa. He had first built a water barometer, but it required a glass tube 60 feet long.

Its density allows the vertical column of the barometer to be of manageable size.

a)88.3 kPa . My first question is why specifically does it have mercury? Calculating Pressure; Barometers. Barometer, device used to measure atmospheric pressure.

b)101 kPa. The mercury barometer is the standard

A column of water equivalent to 760 mm of mercury, would have a height of 10,336 m. That is the reason we estimate the underwater pressure as rising by one atmosphere for every 10 meters of depth. Filing the tube with mercury and inverting the tube into a bowl of mercury caused mercury in the tube to drop to a level around 30 inches and creating a vacuum at the top of the tube.The top of the mercury column was observed to fluctuate by a few percent, due mainly to what we now know to be fluctuations in atmospheric pressure. We measure this change using a device called barometer (bar-meter or measurer).This first barometer was created by Evangelista Torricelli in 1643. This is where the units "Inches of Mercury" are derived.What the students have constructed is a water barometer (also known as "storm glass") and these types of barometers date from the 17th century. If water were used, for instance, the column would have to be 34 A barometer that mechanically records changes in barometric pressure over time is called a The amplitude of this daily change depends upon the latitude, season, and altitude.The changes are greatest at the equator, decreasing toward the poles where it becomes zero.

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Since the static fluid pressure is dependent only upon density and depth, choosing a liquid of standard density like mercury or water allows you to express the pressure in units of height or depth, e.g., mmHg or inches of water.

Physicists like to share the legend of a professor who asked students how they might determine the height of a building using a barometer.

Aware that mercury was 14 times heavier than water, he constructed a tube only 35 inches long. ... say, water (1000 kg/m 3). What is the pressure? An overview of atmospheric pressure and the development of the barometer. Because the open end is the only side affecting the mercury’s height, a user simply needs to read the marked height … …atmospheric pressure by constructing mercury barometers and measuring air pressure, both in Paris and on the top of a mountain overlooking Clermont-Ferrand. These diurnal changes are due to the sun heating the atmosphere. What is the pressure? If water would be used in barometer, barometer tube should have the huge height of 10.3m! He had first built a water barometer, but it required a glass tube 60 feet long.Aware that mercury was 14 times heavier than water, he constructed a tube only 35 inches long.

We see (and measure) this as a Over and above the pressure changes associated with storms, there are four daily pressure fluctuations in the atmosphere. Torricelli was actually trying to discover the reason that water would rise no more than 33 feet up a tube though the use of a suction pump.

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Learn more about barometers in this article.

Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. These tests paved the way for further studies in hydrodynamics and hydrostatics. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....

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